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Living with Thyroid gland undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma

A rare, fast-growing thyroid cancer that usually shows up as a neck mass in older adults.

Understanding Thyroid gland undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare, aggressive type of thyroid cancer that accounts for less than 2% of thyroid cancers.

It affects women more than men and usually occurs in adults and older adults. It tends to happen in people with a history of goiter or thyroid cancer. Past radiation to the head and neck, or exposure to radioactive materials, may also raise the risk. More than half of people have spread of the cancer (metastasis) when it is found.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Fast-growing neck mass
  • Trouble swallowing (dysphagia)
  • Trouble breathing (dyspnea)
  • Hoarse voice
  • Neck pain and cough
  • Swollen lymph nodes

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include cancer specialists and hormone specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
Cancer specialists (oncologists); Hormone specialists (endocrinologists)
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with ThyCa: Thyroid Cancer Survivors' Association, Inc.
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
What stage is the cancer, and has it spread?
What are my treatment options, and which specialists should I see?
How can symptoms like trouble swallowing or breathing be eased?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startAdult and as an Older Adult

GARD says it generally occurs in people with a history of goiter or thyroid cancer. A history of head and neck radiation or radioactive exposure may also raise risk.

Endocrine

Also known as: anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid; anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid gland; anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid; anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid gland; anaplastic thyroid cancer; anaplastic thyroid carcinoma

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Thyroid gland undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinomaGARD ID 664 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Thyroid gland undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma.

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