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Living with Temporal arteritis

Inflammation of arteries, mostly in the head, causing headache, scalp tenderness, and sometimes vision problems.

Understanding Temporal arteritis

Temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritis, GCA) is a form of vasculitis that causes inflammation of blood vessels, most often in the head.

It most commonly affects the temporal arteries on each side of the head. The inflammation narrows the arteries and reduces blood flow. It can occur with or after another condition called polymyalgia rheumatica. It usually begins in adulthood.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms depend on which arteries are affected. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Throbbing headache on one side or the back of the head
  • Scalp tenderness
  • Jaw pain while chewing
  • Vision problems
  • Fever and flu-like feelings
  • Tiredness and joint stiffness

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include autoimmune and inflammatory disease specialists and kidney specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    Autoimmune Association, Global Autoimmune Institute and Vasculitis Foundation may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
autoimmune and inflammatory disease specialists (rheumatologists); Kidney specialists (nephrologists)
Expert care
Expert lists: Autoimmune Association, Global Autoimmune Institute, Vasculitis Foundation
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Autoimmune Association and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Which symptoms mean I need care right away?
How is the diagnosis confirmed, for example with a biopsy?
How will my treatment be monitored?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startAdult

GARD says the cause is still being studied. It is thought to involve the immune system mistakenly attacking artery walls, and genetic and environmental factors may raise risk.

Kidney

Also known as: arteritis cranialis; arteritis temporalis; cranial arteritis; giant cell arteritis; horton disease; horton-gilmour disease

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Temporal arteritisGARD ID 9615 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Temporal arteritis.

Explore the Temporal arteritis blog

Explore research for Temporal arteritis

Explore actively recruiting Temporal arteritis studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Temporal arteritis with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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