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Living with T-cell immunodeficiency with epidermodysplasia verruciformis

A rare inherited immune condition with high risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, causing widespread flat warts from childhood.

Understanding T-cell immunodeficiency with epidermodysplasia verruciformis

T-cell immunodeficiency with epidermodysplasia verruciformis is a rare inherited immune condition with increased risk of infection by human papillomavirus (HPV).

In childhood, people develop flat, wart-like skin lesions across the body. Total T-cell counts are normal, but the T cells signal poorly and the number of naive T cells is very low. Burkitt lymphoma has also been reported.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Widespread flat warts
  • Reddening of the cheeks
  • Mouth inflammation (stomatitis)
  • Emphysema (lung damage)
  • Burkitt lymphoma (reported)

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include allergy and immune system specialists and genetic specialists.

  3. Consider genetic testing

    Changes in RHOH are linked to this condition. Genetic testing and counseling can help confirm a diagnosis and explain what it means for your family.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    Immune Deficiency Foundation may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Allergy and immune system specialists (allergists / immunologists); Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Expert lists: Immune Deficiency Foundation
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Immune Deficiency Foundation
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
How should skin lesions be monitored?
Which immune tests do I need regularly?
Would RHOH gene testing help our family?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startChild
InheritanceAutosomal Recessive
GenesRHOH

Changes in the RHOH gene cause this condition. It is autosomal recessive, meaning a child inherits a changed copy of the gene from each parent.

Genetic

Also known as: t-cell immunodeficiency due to ras homolog family member h deficiency; t-cell immunodeficiency due to rhoh (ras homolog family member h) deficiency; t-cell immunodeficiency due to rhoh deficiency

Patient organizations

Broader rare-disease groups

Source: NIH GARD · T-cell immunodeficiency with epidermodysplasia verruciformisGARD ID 17483 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with T-cell immunodeficiency with epidermodysplasia verruciformis.

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