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Living with Staphylococcal scarlet fever

A rare bacterial infection with a red, sandpaper-like rash, strawberry-like tongue, and sore throat.

Understanding Staphylococcal scarlet fever

Staphylococcal scarlet fever is a rare bacterial infection known for a red, sandpaper-like rash and a strawberry-like tongue.

People may also have a flushed face with a pale area around the mouth, sore throat, tonsillitis, fever, headaches, and swollen lymph nodes. It can affect people of any age, though it is most common in children. Possible complications include sinusitis, pneumonia, rheumatic fever, kidney inflammation, and heart valve infection.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these:

  • Red, sandpaper-like rash
  • Strawberry-like tongue
  • Flushed face with pale skin around the mouth
  • Sore throat or tonsillitis
  • Fever and headache
  • Swollen lymph nodes

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Your doctor may refer you to a specialist who knows rare conditions.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
A doctor familiar with rare conditions, plus specialists as needed
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with rare disease patient organizations for support
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
How is this infection tested for and confirmed?
What complications should we watch for?
When can my child return to school or daycare?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startany time in life

GARD's summary says it is caused by infection with toxin-producing strains of Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria.

Infectious

Patient organizations

Rare-disease groups that can help

Source: NIH GARD · Staphylococcal scarlet feverGARD ID 18819 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Staphylococcal scarlet fever.

Explore the Staphylococcal scarlet fever blog

Explore research for Staphylococcal scarlet fever

Explore actively recruiting Staphylococcal scarlet fever studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Staphylococcal scarlet fever with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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