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Living with Sporadic hemiplegic migraine

A rare type of migraine with aura that includes temporary weakness or numbness, often on one side of the body.

Understanding Sporadic hemiplegic migraine

Sporadic hemiplegic migraine is a rare form of migraine headache with weakness or numbness during the aura.

Migraines cause intense, throbbing pain, and some people have nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. Headaches typically begin in childhood or adolescence and can last hours to days. Before the headache, an aura brings visual changes and temporary numbness or weakness, often on one side. Some people have severe episodes, and a few develop lasting coordination problems or learning difficulty.

Signs & symptoms

GARD doesn't list a separate symptom list. The summary describes:

  • Intense, throbbing headache
  • Nausea, vomiting, and light and sound sensitivity
  • Visual changes such as flashing lights
  • Temporary weakness or numbness on one side
  • Trouble speaking or confusion
  • Memory or attention problems that can last

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Your doctor may refer you to a specialist who knows rare conditions.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
A doctor familiar with rare conditions, plus specialists as needed
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with rare disease patient organizations for support
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
What triggers should I try to track and avoid?
What should we do during a severe episode?
Which specialist should follow my migraines?

Quick facts

GARD doesn't describe a cause for this condition yet. Migraines can be triggered by certain foods, emotional stress, and minor head injury.

Also known as: non-familial hemiplegic migraine

Patient organizations

Rare-disease groups that can help

Source: NIH GARD · Sporadic hemiplegic migraineGARD ID 25239 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Sporadic hemiplegic migraine.

Explore the Sporadic hemiplegic migraine blog

Explore research for Sporadic hemiplegic migraine

Explore actively recruiting Sporadic hemiplegic migraine studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Sporadic hemiplegic migraine with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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