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Living with Spastic paraparesis-deafness syndrome

A rare X-linked condition with leg stiffness starting in late childhood and hearing loss.

Understanding Spastic paraparesis-deafness syndrome

Spastic paraparesis-deafness syndrome is a rare nervous system disease with leg stiffness and hearing loss.

Leg stiffness and weakness (spastic paraparesis) begin in late childhood, along with hearing loss. Other features can include retinal changes, cataracts, short stature, underactive sex glands, tremor and reduced sensation. GARD notes there have been no further descriptions in the medical literature since 1986.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Stiff, weak legs (spastic paraparesis)
  • Hearing loss
  • Cataracts
  • Short stature
  • Underactive sex glands (hypogonadism)
  • Reduced pain sensation

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include ear, nose, and throat specialists and genetic specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
Ear, nose, and throat specialists (otolaryngologists); Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with rare disease patient organizations for support
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Can genetic testing help find the cause?
How often should hearing and eyes be checked?
Which specialists should be on my care team?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startChild
InheritanceX-Linked

GARD says changes in genes cause this condition, but it doesn't list a gene. The condition is X-linked, meaning the gene is on the X chromosome.

Genetic

Also known as: spastic paraparesis and deafness; spastic paraparesis co-occurrent with deafness; spastic paraparesis-hearing loss syndrome; wells jankovic syndrome; wells-jankovic syndrome

Patient organizations

Rare-disease groups that can help

Source: NIH GARD · Spastic paraparesis-deafness syndromeGARD ID 5555 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Spastic paraparesis-deafness syndrome.

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