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Living with Short bowel syndrome

A digestive condition in which the small intestine can't absorb enough nutrients.

Understanding Short bowel syndrome

Short bowel syndrome is a condition in which problems with the small intestine make the body unable to absorb enough nutrients.

Most digestion and nutrient absorption happens in the small intestine. In adults, causes include Crohn disease, loss of blood flow to the intestine, radiation damage, or surgery that removes half or more of the small intestine. In children, main causes include necrotizing enterocolitis, intestinal atresias and intestinal volvulus.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Diarrhea
  • Cramping and bloating
  • Heartburn
  • Dehydration
  • Weight loss and malnutrition
  • Weakness and tiredness

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include digestive system specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    Association of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Digestive system specialists (gastroenterologists)
Expert care
Expert lists: Association of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Association of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
How much of my small intestine is working?
What nutrition support options are there?
Which foods should I watch for sensitivities?

Quick facts

GARD says it is caused by problems with or loss of part of the small intestine. Causes include Crohn disease, surgery, and in children conditions such as necrotizing enterocolitis.

Gastrointestinal

Also known as: acquired short bowel syndrome; post-resection short bowel syndrome; sbs - short bowel syndrome; sgs - short gut syndrome; short gut syndrome; short intestine syndrome

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Short bowel syndromeGARD ID 1502 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Short bowel syndrome.

Explore the Short bowel syndrome blog

Explore research for Short bowel syndrome

Explore actively recruiting Short bowel syndrome studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Short bowel syndrome with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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