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Living with Pseudoaminopterin syndrome

A rare genetic syndrome with differences in the skull, face, and limbs, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and short stature.

Understanding Pseudoaminopterin syndrome

Pseudoaminopterin syndrome is a rare developmental syndrome that resembles the effects of aminopterin exposure before birth, but without any such exposure.

It involves differences in the skull (including early closing of skull seams), face, and limbs, with mild to moderate intellectual disability and short stature. Facial differences can include wide-set eyes, a small lower jaw, cleft lip or high palate, and small, low-set ears. GARD lists onset during pregnancy or as a newborn.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Intellectual disability
  • Short stature
  • Wide-set eyes (hypertelorism)
  • Small lower jaw (micrognathia)
  • High palate
  • Limb differences, such as short or joined fingers

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include brain and nervous system specialists and genetic specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
Brain and nervous system specialists (neurologists); Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with rare disease patient organizations for support
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Is genetic testing available to find the cause?
Which specialists should evaluate the skull, face, and limbs?
What supports can help with learning and development?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startduring Pregnancy and as a Newborn
InheritanceAutosomal Recessive

GARD says gene changes cause this condition, and it is autosomal recessive, meaning a child inherits a changed copy of the gene from each parent. It doesn't name a gene yet.

GeneticNeurological

Also known as: aminopterin syndrome sine aminopterin; aminopterin syndrome-like sine aminopterin; assa

Patient organizations

Rare-disease groups that can help

Source: NIH GARD · Pseudoaminopterin syndromeGARD ID 4544 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Pseudoaminopterin syndrome.

Explore the Pseudoaminopterin syndrome blog

Explore research for Pseudoaminopterin syndrome

Explore actively recruiting Pseudoaminopterin syndrome studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Pseudoaminopterin syndrome with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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