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Living with Preeclampsia

A pregnancy complication with high blood pressure and protein in the urine, usually in the last months of pregnancy or soon after birth.

Understanding Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication in which a woman develops high blood pressure and may have protein in her urine.

It usually happens in the last few months of pregnancy and can need early delivery of the baby. It can also appear after birth (postpartum preeclampsia). Many women with mild preeclampsia do not feel ill, and it is often found first by blood pressure and urine tests. In severe cases it can affect organs such as the heart, liver and kidneys. Symptoms often go away within a few days after the baby is born.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • High blood pressure
  • Protein in the urine
  • Swelling of the face or hands
  • Headaches and vision changes
  • Upper abdominal pain
  • Nausea or vomiting

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include maternal-fetal medicine specialists and women’s reproductive health specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
Maternal-fetal medicine specialists (pregnancy-related); Women’s reproductive health specialists (obstetricians / gynecologists)
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Preeclampsia Foundation
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
How often should my blood pressure and urine be checked?
Which symptoms should make me call my care team right away?
How does preeclampsia affect delivery plans and care after birth?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startAdult

GARD doesn't describe a cause for this condition in this record.

Urinary and Reproductive

Also known as: eph - edema, proteinuria and hypertension of pregnancy; gestational hypertension; hypertension induced by pregnancy; pe - pre-eclampsia; pet - pre-eclamptic toxemia; pre-eclampsia

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · PreeclampsiaGARD ID 12924 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Preeclampsia.

Explore the Preeclampsia blog

Explore research for Preeclampsia

Explore actively recruiting Preeclampsia studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Preeclampsia with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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