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Living with Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) deficiency

A rare inherited metabolic condition starting in newborns or infants, with low blood sugar, liver problems, and delayed development.

Understanding Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) deficiency

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) deficiency is a rare inherited disorder of making sugar (gluconeogenesis).

It includes cytosolic and mitochondrial forms. Symptoms start in the newborn period or a few months after birth. They include low blood sugar with episodes of lactic acid build-up, liver problems, and kidney tube problems. Children may also have poor weight gain, low muscle tone, developmental delay with seizures, and heart muscle disease. GARD says it does not typically exist in isolated form.

Signs & symptoms

GARD lists these less common features:

  • Low blood sugar
  • Liver problems
  • Sleepiness and low energy (lethargy)
  • Small head (microcephaly)
  • Brain illness during episodes (encephalopathy)

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include genetic specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with rare disease patient organizations for support
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
How can we prevent and treat low blood sugar episodes?
Which specialists, such as metabolic and liver doctors, should be on the team?
Would genetic testing help our family?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startNewborn and as an Infant
InheritanceAutosomal Recessive

Changes in the genes (also called variants) cause this condition. It is autosomal recessive, which means a child inherits a changed copy of the gene from each parent.

GeneticInherited Metabolic

Also known as: pepck - phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency; pepck deficiency; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency

Patient organizations

Rare-disease groups that can help

Source: NIH GARD · Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) deficiencyGARD ID 16613 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) deficiency.

Explore the Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) deficiency blog

Explore research for Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) deficiency

Explore actively recruiting Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) deficiency studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) deficiency with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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