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Living with Pemphigus vulgaris

An autoimmune condition with blisters and sores on the skin and in the mouth, mostly in middle-aged and older adults.

Understanding Pemphigus vulgaris

Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune disorder that causes blistering and erosion of the skin and mucous membranes.

It occurs almost only in middle-aged or older people. Soft blisters filled with clear fluid appear on healthy or irritated skin. Many cases begin with mouth blisters, followed by skin blisters that may come and go. Mouth blisters can make eating hard, and broken skin blisters can be painful. Infections can be serious.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Blisters on the skin
  • Blisters and sores in the mouth
  • Trouble eating
  • Weight loss
  • Skin infections or abscesses
  • Anxiety or depression

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include skin, hair, and nail specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    International Pemphigus & Pemphigoid Foundation and Global Autoimmune Institute may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Skin, hair, and nail specialists (dermatologists)
Expert care
Expert lists: International Pemphigus & Pemphigoid Foundation, Global Autoimmune Institute
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with International Pemphigus & Pemphigoid Foundation and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Which treatments can control blisters and mouth sores?
How can I protect against infections?
How can I get enough nutrition if my mouth hurts?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually starta variety of ages
InheritanceAutosomal Dominant

GARD says the exact cause is unknown. The blisters are linked to antibodies binding to skin cells. GARD lists it as autosomal dominant.

Skin

Also known as: familial pemphigus vulgaris; pv - pemphigus vulgaris

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Pemphigus vulgarisGARD ID 7355 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Pemphigus vulgaris.

Explore the Pemphigus vulgaris blog

Explore research for Pemphigus vulgaris

Explore actively recruiting Pemphigus vulgaris studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Pemphigus vulgaris with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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