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Living with Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome

An autoimmune condition in children with a sudden start of mental health and nervous system symptoms at the same time.

Understanding Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome

Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) is an autoimmune condition with sudden psychiatric and neurologic symptoms.

The symptoms show up together and come on quickly. GARD says the cause is unknown, but the symptoms may follow a recent infection.

Signs & symptoms

GARD doesn't list specific symptoms, but the summary describes a mix of psychiatric and neurologic symptoms:

  • Sudden changes in mood or behavior
  • Nervous system symptoms that start at the same time

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Your doctor may refer you to a specialist who knows rare conditions.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    ASPIRE, Neuroimmune Foundation and Northwest PANDAS/PANS Network may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
A doctor familiar with rare conditions, plus specialists as needed
Expert care
Expert lists: ASPIRE, Neuroimmune Foundation, Northwest PANDAS/PANS Network
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with ASPIRE and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Could a recent infection be related to the sudden symptoms?
Which specialists, such as neurology and psychiatry, should evaluate my child?
What tests are needed to rule out other causes?

Quick facts

GARD says the cause is unknown and still under study. Symptoms may follow a recent infection.

Also known as: pans

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndromeGARD ID 28179 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome.

Explore the Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome blog

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Explore actively recruiting Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
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  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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