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Living with Paget disease of the nipple

A rare form of breast cancer that shows up on the nipple, most often in women in their 50s and 60s.

Understanding Paget disease of the nipple

Paget disease of the nipple is a rare form of breast cancer that affects the nipple and the area around it.

It is seen most often in women ages 50 to 60. It happens when tumor cells grow into the nipple and the darker skin around it (the areola). It makes up about 1 to 3 percent of all new breast cancer diagnoses.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD describes these signs:

  • Fluid draining from the nipple
  • Itching
  • Redness (erythema)
  • Crusty, scraped-looking nipple
  • Thickened patches of skin
  • Darker skin color (less often)

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include cancer specialists, maternal-fetal medicine specialists and women’s reproductive health specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
Cancer specialists (oncologists); Maternal-fetal medicine specialists (pregnancy-related); Women’s reproductive health specialists (obstetricians / gynecologists)
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Breastcancer.org and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
What tests will confirm the diagnosis, and will I need imaging of the breast?
What are my treatment options, and who will be on my care team?
Is there other breast cancer present, and how will we find out?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startAdult

GARD says this condition is due to tumor cells invading the nipple and areola. It doesn't describe what causes those cell changes yet.

Urinary and Reproductive

Also known as: mammary paget disease; nipple paget's disease; paget disease of nipple; paget disease of the breast; paget's disease of nipple; paget's disease of the breast

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Paget disease of the nippleGARD ID 7303 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Paget disease of the nipple.

Explore the Paget disease of the nipple blog

Explore research for Paget disease of the nipple

Explore actively recruiting Paget disease of the nipple studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Paget disease of the nipple with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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