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Living with Osteomyelitis

An infection in a bone that causes bone pain, fever, and swelling, most often from bacteria.

Understanding Osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis is the medical term for an infection in a bone.

Any bone can be affected. In children the long bones of the arms and legs are most often infected, while in adults it is mainly the feet, spine, and hips. It is most often caused by bacteria, though fungi can also cause it. Risk factors include diabetes, poor blood supply, recent injury, bone surgery, and a weakened immune system.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD says they may include:

  • Bone pain
  • Fever and chills
  • Excessive sweating
  • Feeling unwell (malaise)
  • Swelling, redness, and warmth at the site
  • An open wound

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Your doctor may refer you to a specialist who knows rare conditions.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
A doctor familiar with rare conditions, plus specialists as needed
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with rare disease patient organizations for support
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
What tests will show which germ is causing the infection?
How long will treatment last?
What signs would mean the infection is not improving?

Quick facts

It is most often caused by a bacterial infection, though a fungal infection can also cause it. Risk factors include diabetes, poor blood supply, recent injury, bone surgery, intravenous drug use, and a weakened immune system.

Also known as: bone infection; om - osteomyelitis; osteomyelitis (disease); ostm - osteomyelitis; pyogenic inflammation of bone

Patient organizations

Rare-disease groups that can help

Source: NIH GARD · OsteomyelitisGARD ID 7286 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Osteomyelitis.

Explore the Osteomyelitis blog

Explore research for Osteomyelitis

Explore actively recruiting Osteomyelitis studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Osteomyelitis with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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