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Living with Nocardiosis

A rare bacterial infection that mainly affects the lungs, brain, and skin, most often in people with weakened immune systems.

Understanding Nocardiosis

Nocardiosis is a rare infection caused by Nocardia bacteria that mainly affects the lungs, brain, and skin.

It occurs mostly in people with a weakened immune system, but about one-third of infected people have no immune problems. It usually starts in the lungs and can spread to other organs. Lung symptoms include chest pain, coughing up blood, and fevers. It can also cause headaches and seizures, skin infections, ulcers, and abscesses.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Fever
  • Chest pain
  • Wet cough (productive cough)
  • Trouble breathing (dyspnea)
  • Pneumonia
  • Fatigue

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Your doctor may refer you to a specialist who knows rare conditions.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
A doctor familiar with rare conditions, plus specialists as needed
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with rare disease patient organizations for support
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Which tests will show where the infection has spread in my body?
Could my immune system be a factor, and should it be checked?
What signs of skin, lung or brain problems should I report quickly?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startany time in life

Nocardia bacteria, found in soil around the world, cause this infection. People get it by breathing in contaminated dust or when soil with the bacteria gets into an open wound.

Infectious

Also known as: nocardia caused disease or disorder; nocardia disease or disorder; nocardia infections; nocardia infectious disease

Patient organizations

Rare-disease groups that can help

Source: NIH GARD · NocardiosisGARD ID 7210 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Nocardiosis.

Explore the Nocardiosis blog

Explore research for Nocardiosis

Explore actively recruiting Nocardiosis studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Nocardiosis with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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I can help you find recruiting Nocardiosis studies. Enter a ZIP code, address or city below and I'll look within 50 miles.

Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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HealthStory evolves private journaling with a living AI journal that talks back and asks thoughtful questions, helping you capture your Nocardiosis experiences more deeply and prepare for better conversations with your doctors and care team.

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