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Living with Necrobacillosis

A rare and potentially serious complication of a bacterial infection, usually in teenagers and young adults, that spreads from the throat.

Understanding Necrobacillosis

Necrobacillosis, also called Lemierre syndrome, is a rare and potentially severe complication of bacterial infections.

It usually affects previously healthy teens and young adults. It most often follows a bacterial throat infection but can follow infections of the ears, salivary glands, sinuses, or teeth. The initial infection spreads into the neck and forms an infected blood clot in a large neck vein. It can then spread through the blood to the lungs and other organs.

Signs & symptoms

GARD doesn't list a detailed symptom list, but the summary describes these features:

  • A throat or other infection that spreads to the neck
  • An infected blood clot in the neck vein
  • Infection spreading to the lungs
  • Blood clots in the lungs
  • Infection spreading to other organs

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Your doctor may refer you to a specialist who knows rare conditions.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
A doctor familiar with rare conditions, plus specialists as needed
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with rare disease patient organizations for support
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Which tests will show how far the infection has spread?
How long will treatment last?
What follow-up care will I need?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startTeenager

It is usually caused by the bacteria Fusobacterium necrophorum, although other bacteria can be responsible. It develops after an initial infection such as a throat infection.

Infectious

Also known as: human necrobacillosis; lemierre postanginal sepsis; lemierre syndrome; postanginal sepsis; postanginal sepsis secondary to orophyngeal infection; septic phlebitis of the internal jugular vein

Patient organizations

Rare-disease groups that can help

Source: NIH GARD · NecrobacillosisGARD ID 6882 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Necrobacillosis.

Explore the Necrobacillosis blog

Explore research for Necrobacillosis

Explore actively recruiting Necrobacillosis studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Necrobacillosis with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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