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Living with Myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia

A rare inherited condition of the cells' energy centers (mitochondria) that causes exercise intolerance, muscle disease, and anemia.

Understanding Myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia

Myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia is a rare inherited metabolic condition that affects muscles and blood.

It is a type of mitochondrial myopathy (a muscle condition caused by problems in the cells' energy centers). It begins in childhood with exercise intolerance that slowly gets worse. Sideroblastic anemia starts around adolescence. Blood levels of lactic acid are high. It can start at a variety of ages.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Trouble with exercise (exercise intolerance)
  • Muscle disease (mitochondrial myopathy)
  • Low red blood cells (anemia)
  • Low muscle tone
  • Delayed puberty
  • Curved spine (scoliosis)

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include blood and bone marrow specialists, brain and nervous system specialists and genetic specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation and MitoAction may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Blood and bone marrow specialists (hematologists); Brain and nervous system specialists (neurologists); Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Expert lists: United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation, MitoAction
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with CureARS and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Is genetic testing available to find the cause?
How should my anemia and lactic acid levels be monitored?
How much exercise is safe for me?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually starta variety of ages
InheritanceAutosomal Recessive, Mitochondrial

GARD says changes in genes cause this condition. It is listed as autosomal recessive and mitochondrial. A child inherits a changed copy of a gene from each parent.

GeneticNeurologicalBloodInherited MetabolicMitochondrial

Also known as: mitochondrial myopathy and sideroblastic anaemia; mitochondrial myopathy and sideroblastic anemia; mitochondrial myopathy with sideroblastic anemia syndrome; mlasa; msa; myopathy with lactic acidosis and sideroblastic anemia

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemiaGARD ID 3885 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

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