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Living with Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 1

A rare inherited bone condition with hip and knee pain, joint changes, and early joint wear, starting in childhood.

Understanding Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 1

Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 1 (MED 1) is a rare inherited bone condition that causes joint pain and changes in the hips and knees.

People with MED 1 have normal or mildly short height. They have pain in the hips or knees and arms or legs that slowly change in shape. Joint wear (osteoarthritis) can start early. The hips are more affected than in other types, and adult height is shorter. GARD lists onset in childhood.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Hip joint pain
  • Knee pain
  • Hip problems (hip dysplasia)
  • Walking differences (abnormal gait)
  • Short long bones
  • Symptoms that get worse after activity

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include bone and joint specialists and genetic specialists.

  3. Consider genetic testing

    Changes in COMP are linked to this condition. Genetic testing and counseling can help confirm a diagnosis and explain what it means for your family.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    Little People of America may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Bone and joint specialists (orthopedists or orthopedic surgeons); Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Expert lists: Little People of America
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Little People of America
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Should we have genetic testing for the COMP gene?
How can we protect my hips and knees over time?
Which specialists should be part of my care team?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startChild
InheritanceAutosomal Dominant
GenesCOMP

GARD lists changes in the COMP gene. The condition is autosomal dominant, which means one changed copy of the gene can be enough to cause it.

Genetic

Also known as: comp multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (disease); comp-related multiple epiphyseal dysplasia; edm1; epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple, type 1; med1; multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (disease) caused by mutation in comp

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 1GARD ID 2180 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia type 1.

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