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Living with Mitochondrial myopathy with reversible cytochrome C oxidase deficiency

A rare mitochondrial muscle condition with severe muscle weakness in newborns that improves on its own by early childhood.

Understanding Mitochondrial myopathy with reversible cytochrome C oxidase deficiency

Mitochondrial myopathy with reversible cytochrome C oxidase deficiency is a rare muscle condition that is severe in infancy and then improves.

It causes a severe muscle disease in the newborn period to early infancy. Muscle function then markedly improves on its own by early childhood. Blood tests show lactic acid buildup and a temporary drop in the activity of a key energy-making step in cells.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Muscle disease (myopathy)
  • Muscle weakness
  • Low muscle tone (hypotonia)
  • Breathing difficulties
  • Decreased reflexes
  • Abnormal muscle fibers seen on a biopsy

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include genetic specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation and MitoAction may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Expert lists: United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation, MitoAction
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Can genetic testing confirm this diagnosis?
What breathing and feeding support might my baby need?
How will muscle strength be monitored as my child grows?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startNewborn and as an Infant
InheritanceMitochondrial

Changes in genes (also called variants) cause this condition. GARD lists mitochondrial inheritance but does not name a gene in this record.

GeneticInherited MetabolicMitochondrial

Also known as: benign cox deficiency; cox deficiency myopathy, infantile, transient; infantile reversible cytochrome c oxidase deficiency myopathy; mitochondrial myopathy with reversible complex iv deficiency; mitochondrial myopathy with reversible cox deficiency; mitochondrial myopathy, infantile, transient

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Mitochondrial myopathy with reversible cytochrome C oxidase deficiencyGARD ID 17227 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

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