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Living with Malakoplakia

A rare long-term inflammatory disease, most often of the urinary and reproductive organs, that can also affect other areas.

Understanding Malakoplakia

Malakoplakia is a rare chronic inflammatory disease that most often affects the urinary and reproductive organs.

It can also appear in the pelvis, bones, lungs, thyroid, digestive tract, skin, and kidneys. Symptoms depend on the area involved. On the skin it may look like a rash with small itchy, red, sometimes fluid-filled areas. People with a weakened immune system have a higher risk. It is described in adults.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person and depend on the body area. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Abdominal pain
  • Blood in the urine (hematuria)
  • Painful or difficult urination (dysuria)
  • Urgent need to urinate
  • Fever
  • Skin rash, sores, or itching

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include digestive system specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
Digestive system specialists (gastroenterologists)
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with National Kidney Foundation and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Which body areas are involved in my case?
Could a weakened immune system be a factor for me?
Which specialists should be on my care team?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startAdult

The cause is not well understood. GARD says it may relate to a problem with immune cells called macrophages. E. coli bacteria are the most common type linked to it. GARD lists no gene.

Gastrointestinal

Also known as: malacoplakia

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · MalakoplakiaGARD ID 6960 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Malakoplakia.

Explore the Malakoplakia blog

Explore research for Malakoplakia

Explore actively recruiting Malakoplakia studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Malakoplakia with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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