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Living with Macrocephaly-developmental delay syndrome

A rare inherited condition with a large head, delayed development, mild facial differences, and seizures, starting at birth.

Understanding Macrocephaly-developmental delay syndrome

Macrocephaly-developmental delay syndrome is a rare condition with intellectual disability and a larger-than-usual head.

People have mild facial differences, delays in overall development, and behavior changes such as anxiety and repeated movements. Some have seizures. Some also have early closing of skull bones, recurrent pneumonia, or an enlarged liver and spleen. It begins in newborns.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Larger than usual head (macrocephaly)
  • Intellectual disability
  • Delayed walking
  • Delayed speech and language
  • Anxiety
  • Repetitive movements

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include brain and nervous system specialists and genetic specialists.

  3. Consider genetic testing

    Changes in KPTN are linked to this condition. Genetic testing and counseling can help confirm a diagnosis and explain what it means for your family.

Care & treatment

Care team
Brain and nervous system specialists (neurologists); Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with KPTN Alliance
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Would KPTN gene testing help our family?
Which therapies can help with speech and development?
How should seizures be monitored?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startNewborn
InheritanceAutosomal Recessive
GenesKPTN

It is caused by changes in the KPTN gene. A child inherits a changed copy of the gene from each parent (autosomal recessive).

GeneticNeurological

Also known as: intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 41; intellectual disability, autosomal recessive type 41

Patient organizations

  • KPTN AllianceMacrocephaly-developmental delay syndrome · United States
Source: NIH GARD · Macrocephaly-developmental delay syndromeGARD ID 17630 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Macrocephaly-developmental delay syndrome.

Explore the Macrocephaly-developmental delay syndrome blog

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  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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