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Living with Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia

A rare blood cancer of childhood in which certain white blood cells grow too much in the bone marrow and blood.

Understanding Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia is a rare childhood blood cancer in which certain white blood cells grow too much.

It is a myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm, in which granulocyte and monocyte cells build up in the bone marrow and blood. The leukemia cells can spread into tissues, most often the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, skin, and respiratory tract. It occurs in infants and children.

Signs & symptoms

GARD doesn't list specific symptoms for this condition yet. Its summary describes where it can involve the body:

  • Too many white blood cells in marrow and blood
  • Involvement of the liver and spleen
  • Involvement of lymph nodes
  • Involvement of the skin
  • Involvement of the respiratory tract

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include blood and bone marrow specialists and cancer specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Blood and bone marrow specialists (hematologists); Cancer specialists (oncologists)
Expert care
Expert lists: Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
What tests confirm this diagnosis and which type do I have?
What treatment options are available for my child?
Should we see a pediatric blood cancer specialist?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startInfant and as a Child
InheritanceAutosomal Dominant

GARD lists autosomal dominant inheritance but does not describe a cause for this condition yet.

Blood

Also known as: jcml; jcml - juvenile chronic myeloid leukemia; jmml; juvenile chronic myelogenous leukaemia; juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia; juvenile chronic myeloid leukaemia

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemiaGARD ID 9884 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia.

Explore the Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia blog

Explore research for Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia

Explore actively recruiting Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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