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Living with Interstitial cystitis

A condition that causes bladder pain and frequent, urgent need to urinate, more common in women.

Understanding Interstitial cystitis

Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a condition that causes discomfort or pain in the bladder and a need to urinate often and urgently.

It is far more common in women than men. Symptoms vary. Some people have pain without urgency, and others have urgency without pain. In women, symptoms often get worse during periods, and there may be pain with sex. It can start at any time in life.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Bladder pain or discomfort
  • Frequent urination
  • Urgent need to urinate
  • Pain with sex
  • Symptoms that worsen during periods
  • Depression

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include urinary and male reproductive system specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    Autoimmune Association, Global Autoimmune Institute and Interstitial Cystitis Association may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Urinary and male reproductive system specialists (urologists)
Expert care
Expert lists: Autoimmune Association, Global Autoimmune Institute, Interstitial Cystitis Association
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Autoimmune Association and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Which tests rule out other causes of my bladder symptoms?
Which treatments could help me feel better?
Do my symptoms change with my periods?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startany time in life

The cause of IC isn't known. There is no single test, so doctors often run tests to rule out other causes.

Urinary and Reproductive

Also known as: bladder pain syndrome; chronic interstitial cystitis; ic/bps; ic/pbs; interstitial cystitis, chronic; interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Interstitial cystitisGARD ID 18825 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Interstitial cystitis.

Explore the Interstitial cystitis blog

Explore research for Interstitial cystitis

Explore actively recruiting Interstitial cystitis studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Interstitial cystitis with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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