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Living with Immunodeficiency 32B

A rare inherited immune condition linked to long-lasting Epstein-Barr virus infection with fever and swollen lymph nodes.

Understanding Immunodeficiency 32B

Immunodeficiency 32B is a rare immune condition linked to chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, in which the virus stays active.

In chronic active EBV infection, the symptoms of an EBV infection do not go away. Symptoms may be constant or come and go, and tend to get worse over time. It can begin anywhere from childhood to adulthood. Diagnosis needs blood tests showing high EBV DNA for at least 3 months.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Fever
  • Swollen lymph nodes
  • Enlarged liver or spleen
  • Poor weight gain (failure to thrive)
  • Calcium deposits in the brain
  • Infection after BCG vaccine (BCGitis)

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Your doctor may refer you to a specialist who knows rare conditions.

  3. Consider genetic testing

    Changes in IRF8 are linked to this condition. Genetic testing and counseling can help confirm a diagnosis and explain what it means for your family.

Care & treatment

Care team
A doctor familiar with rare conditions, plus specialists as needed
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with rare disease patient organizations for support
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Which blood test shows my EBV DNA level, and how often is it checked?
Can genetic testing for the IRF8 gene confirm the cause?
Which complications, such as anemia or lung problems, should we watch for?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startfrom Childhood to Adulthood
InheritanceAutosomal Recessive
GenesIRF8

Changes in the IRF8 gene are listed. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, meaning a child inherits a changed copy of the gene from each parent.

Infectious

Also known as: caebv (chronic active epstein-barr virus infection) syndrome; caebv syndrome; chronic ebv (epstein-barr virus) infection syndrome; chronic ebv infection syndrome; chronic epstein-barr virus infection syndrome; imd32b

Patient organizations

Rare-disease groups that can help

Source: NIH GARD · Immunodeficiency 32BGARD ID 9534 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Immunodeficiency 32B.

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  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
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  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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