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Living with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

A long-term lung disease in which scar tissue builds up and makes it harder to get oxygen into the blood.

Understanding Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive lung disease in which scar tissue (fibrosis) builds up in the lungs.

The scarring makes it hard for the lungs to move oxygen into the bloodstream. It usually affects people between ages 50 and 70. It belongs to a group called interstitial lung diseases (ILD). The course varies a lot from person to person.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these as the most common:

  • Shortness of breath
  • Persistent dry, hacking cough
  • Loss of appetite
  • Gradual weight loss
  • Widened, rounded fingertips and toes (clubbing)

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include lung and breathing specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    Autoimmune Association, Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation and Global Autoimmune Institute may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Lung and breathing specialists (pulmonologists)
Expert care
Expert lists: Autoimmune Association, Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation, Global Autoimmune Institute
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Autoimmune Association and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
What tests confirm pulmonary fibrosis?
How will we track my lung function over time?
Could my symptoms be a different lung disease?

Quick facts

GARD's summary doesn't state a specific cause here. "Idiopathic" means the cause is not known.

Respiratory

Also known as: cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis; idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis, chronic form; ipf; ipf - idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Idiopathic Pulmonary FibrosisGARD ID 28067 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Explore the Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis blog

Explore research for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Explore actively recruiting Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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