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Living with Hypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies 3

A condition, also called TBCK-related neurodevelopmental disorder, with low muscle tone from birth, muscle weakness, and breathing and development problems.

Understanding Hypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies 3

Hypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies 3, or TBCK-NDD, is a progressive neurodevelopmental condition.

People have significant developmental and breathing problems. Most do not walk independently or speak. Severe low muscle tone from birth can cause feeding trouble, and many need a feeding tube. Weakness reaches the distal (far) muscles first, then the proximal (near) muscles. Breathing problems worsen, and many need nighttime breathing support. Seizures are common. It is seen in newborns and infants.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Severely low muscle tone from birth
  • Severe global developmental delay
  • Inability to walk
  • Progressive muscle weakness
  • Breathing problems
  • Seizures

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include brain and nervous system specialists and genetic specialists.

  3. Consider genetic testing

    Changes in TBCK are linked to this condition. Genetic testing and counseling can help confirm a diagnosis and explain what it means for your family.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    Epilepsy Foundation may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Brain and nervous system specialists (neurologists); Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Expert lists: Epilepsy Foundation
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Epilepsy Foundation and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
What breathing support might be needed, and when?
What feeding options are available?
Would genetic testing for TBCK help our family?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startNewborn and as an Infant
InheritanceAutosomal Recessive
GenesTBCK

Changes in the TBCK gene cause this condition. It is autosomal recessive, so a child inherits a changed copy of the gene from each parent.

GeneticNeurological

Also known as: hypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies type 3; ihprf3; tbc1 domain containing kinase-related intellectual disability syndrome; tbck-related intellectual disability syndrome

Patient organizations

  • Epilepsy FoundationHypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies 3 · United States
  • The TBCK FoundationHypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies 3 · United States
Source: NIH GARD · Hypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies 3GARD ID 17896 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

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