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Living with Hereditary spastic paraplegia 54

A rare, complex type of hereditary spastic paraplegia starting in early childhood, with developmental delay and short stature.

Understanding Hereditary spastic paraplegia 54

Hereditary spastic paraplegia 54 (SPG54) is a rare, complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia that starts in early childhood.

It brings worsening leg stiffness, balance problems, short stature, delayed development, and intellectual disability. Less often there are foot contractures, speech and swallowing trouble, crossed eyes, and underdeveloped optic nerves.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Stiff legs (spastic paraplegia)
  • Spastic walk
  • Delayed development
  • Intellectual disability
  • Speech trouble (dysarthria)
  • Swallowing trouble (dysphagia)

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include brain and nervous system specialists and genetic specialists.

  3. Consider genetic testing

    Changes in DDHD2 are linked to this condition. Genetic testing and counseling can help confirm a diagnosis and explain what it means for your family.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    Spastic Paraplegia Foundation may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Brain and nervous system specialists (neurologists); Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Expert lists: Spastic Paraplegia Foundation
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Spastic Paraplegia Foundation
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Could genetic testing for the DDHD2 gene confirm the diagnosis?
How should swallowing and vision be checked?
What early developmental support is available?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startInfant and as a Child
InheritanceAutosomal Recessive
GenesDDHD2

It is caused by changes in the DDHD2 gene. It is autosomal recessive, so a child inherits a changed copy of the gene from each parent.

GeneticNeurological

Also known as: autosomal recessive complex spastic paraplegia caused by mutation in ddhd2; autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia 54; autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 54; ddhd2 autosomal recessive complex spastic paraplegia; hereditary spastic paraplegia type 54; spastic paraplegia 54, autosomal recessive

Patient organizations

Broader rare-disease groups

Source: NIH GARD · Hereditary spastic paraplegia 54GARD ID 17475 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Hereditary spastic paraplegia 54.

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