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Living with Hereditary myopathy with lactic acidosis due to ISCU deficiency

An inherited muscle condition that causes extreme tiredness and weakness with exercise, starting in childhood.

Understanding Hereditary myopathy with lactic acidosis due to ISCU deficiency

Hereditary myopathy with lactic acidosis due to ISCU deficiency is an inherited condition that mainly affects the muscles used for movement.

It does not usually affect the heart muscle. From early childhood, even mild exertion can cause extreme fatigue, a fast heartbeat, breathlessness, and muscle weakness and pain. Muscle strength at rest is typically normal. Long or repeated activity can break down muscle tissue (rhabdomyolysis), turning the urine red or brown and potentially harming the kidneys. For most people, it does not worsen over time.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Trouble exercising (exercise intolerance)
  • Easy tiredness
  • Muscle weakness
  • Frequent falls
  • Low muscle tone
  • Drooping eyelids

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include brain and nervous system specialists and genetic specialists.

  3. Consider genetic testing

    Changes in ISCU are linked to this condition. Genetic testing and counseling can help confirm a diagnosis and explain what it means for your family.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation and MitoAction may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Brain and nervous system specialists (neurologists); Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Expert lists: United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation, MitoAction
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
What level of activity is safe for me?
What should I do if my urine turns red or brown?
Could genetic testing for the ISCU gene help my family?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startChild
InheritanceAutosomal Recessive, Mitochondrial
GenesISCU

It is caused by changes in the ISCU gene. It is autosomal recessive, so a child inherits a changed copy of the gene from each parent.

GeneticNeurologicalInherited MetabolicMitochondrial

Also known as: aconitase deficiency; hereditary myopathy with lactic acidosis; hml; iron-sulfur cluster deficiency myopathy; iscu myopathy; myoglobinuria due to abnormal glycolysis

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Hereditary myopathy with lactic acidosis due to ISCU deficiencyGARD ID 16643 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Hereditary myopathy with lactic acidosis due to ISCU deficiency.

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