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Living with Fetal parvovirus syndrome

Problems in a baby before birth that can happen when a pregnant woman is infected with parvovirus B19, including anemia and fluid buildup.

Understanding Fetal parvovirus syndrome

Fetal parvovirus syndrome is a condition affecting a fetus that is likely to occur when a pregnant woman is infected with parvovirus B19.

In adults, the virus causes fifth disease ("slapped cheek" rash) and flu-like symptoms with joint pain, which usually do not call for prenatal testing. In the fetus it can cause fluid buildup (hydrops fetalis), anemia, and low platelets. It is seen during pregnancy and in newborns.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Fluid buildup in the fetus (hydrops fetalis)
  • Fluid in the belly (ascites)
  • Low red blood cells (anemia)
  • Low platelet count (thrombocytopenia)

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include ear, nose, and throat specialists and genetic specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    World Craniofacial Foundation may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Ear, nose, and throat specialists (otolaryngologists); Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Expert lists: World Craniofacial Foundation
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with World Craniofacial Foundation and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Which tests can check my baby for anemia or fluid buildup?
How often should my baby be monitored by ultrasound?
What follow-up does my baby need after birth?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startduring Pregnancy and as a Newborn

It is caused when a pregnant woman is infected with parvovirus B19.

InfectiousGenetic

Also known as: foetal parvovirus syndrome; human parvovirus b19 caused infectious embryofetopathy; human parvovirus b19 infectious embryofetopathy; mother-to-child transmission of parvovirus syndrome; parvovirus antenatal infection

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Fetal parvovirus syndromeGARD ID 4236 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Fetal parvovirus syndrome.

Explore the Fetal parvovirus syndrome blog

Explore research for Fetal parvovirus syndrome

Explore actively recruiting Fetal parvovirus syndrome studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Fetal parvovirus syndrome with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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