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Living with Familial steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with sensorineural deafness

A rare genetic condition with kidney disease that doesn't respond to steroids and hearing loss, beginning in infancy.

Understanding Familial steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with sensorineural deafness

Familial steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with sensorineural deafness is a rare genetic condition (coenzyme Q10 deficiency) with severe kidney disease and hearing loss.

It starts in infancy with protein in the urine, low albumin, and swelling, and can lead to end-stage kidney disease. The kidney problem does not respond to steroid medicine. Rarely, people have seizures, poor coordination, or differences in facial features.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Nephrotic syndrome that doesn't respond to steroids
  • Hearing loss (sensorineural)
  • Scarring in the kidney filters (FSGS)
  • Advanced kidney disease (stage 5)
  • Protein in the urine and swelling

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include brain and nervous system specialists, ear, nose, and throat specialists, genetic specialists and kidney specialists.

  3. Consider genetic testing

    Changes in COQ6 are linked to this condition. Genetic testing and counseling can help confirm a diagnosis and explain what it means for your family.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    NephCure Kidney International, Epilepsy Foundation and United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Brain and nervous system specialists (neurologists); Ear, nose, and throat specialists (otolaryngologists); Genetic specialists (geneticists); Kidney specialists (nephrologists)
Expert care
Expert lists: NephCure Kidney International, Epilepsy Foundation, United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with NephCure Kidney International and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Should we have genetic testing for the COQ6 gene?
How often should kidney function and hearing be checked?
Could coenzyme Q10 levels be part of my child's care?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startNewborn and as an Infant
InheritanceAutosomal Recessive, Mitochondrial
GenesCOQ6

Changes in the COQ6 gene cause it. It is autosomal recessive, which means a child inherits a changed copy of the gene from each parent.

GeneticNeurologicalKidneyInherited MetabolicMitochondrial

Also known as: coenzyme q10 deficiency, primary, type 6; familial steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with sensorineural hearing loss

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Familial steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with sensorineural deafnessGARD ID 17295 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

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