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Living with Familial hypertryptophanemia

A rare inherited condition with trouble processing the amino acid tryptophan, with learning and behavior challenges.

Understanding Familial hypertryptophanemia

Familial hypertryptophanemia is a rare condition likely caused by problems processing tryptophan, an amino acid (a building block of proteins).

People may have intellectual disability and behavior problems, including periodic mood swings, strong emotional reactions, and unusual sexual behavior. It starts from birth to childhood.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists this among the most common:

  • High serotonin in the blood
  • Intellectual disability
  • Mood swings
  • Strong emotional reactions

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include genetic specialists.

  3. Consider genetic testing

    Changes in TDO2 are linked to this condition. Genetic testing and counseling can help confirm a diagnosis and explain what it means for your family.

Care & treatment

Care team
Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with rare disease patient organizations for support
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Which tests confirm the diagnosis?
How can we support learning and behavior?
Which specialists should be on the care team?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startfrom Birth to Childhood
InheritanceAutosomal Recessive
GenesTDO2

It is autosomal recessive, which means a child inherits a changed copy of the gene from each parent. GARD lists the TDO2 gene but also says the genetic cause is currently unknown.

GeneticInherited Metabolic

Also known as: hypertryptophanemia

Patient organizations

Rare-disease groups that can help

Source: NIH GARD · Familial hypertryptophanemiaGARD ID 2871 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Familial hypertryptophanemia.

Explore the Familial hypertryptophanemia blog

Explore research for Familial hypertryptophanemia

Explore actively recruiting Familial hypertryptophanemia studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Familial hypertryptophanemia with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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