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Living with Eisenmenger syndrome

A condition in which an unrepaired heart defect leads to high blood pressure in the lungs and bluish skin.

Understanding Eisenmenger syndrome

Eisenmenger syndrome is a condition combining high blood pressure in the lung blood vessels (pulmonary hypertension) with abnormal blood flow through the heart.

It most often occurs in people born with a heart defect that was not repaired in childhood. The most common defect is a hole between the lower heart chambers (ventricular septal defect). Symptoms include bluish skin color, rounded fingertips and toes (clubbing), and shortness of breath, and usually get worse over time. It is not inherited in families.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Shortness of breath with activity
  • Tiredness
  • Low blood oxygen level
  • High blood pressure in the lungs
  • Palpitations and irregular heartbeat
  • Heart murmur

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include lung and breathing specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    Pulmonary Hypertension Association and Adult Congenital Heart Association may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Lung and breathing specialists (pulmonologists)
Expert care
Expert lists: Pulmonary Hypertension Association, Adult Congenital Heart Association
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Pulmonary Hypertension Association and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
What heart care and monitoring do I need?
What activities and precautions are safe for me?
What treatments could ease symptoms?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startfrom Childhood to Adulthood

It develops in people with a heart defect that was not repaired. GARD says it is not inherited in families.

Respiratory

Also known as: eisenmenger complex; eisenmenger's complex; eisenmenger's syndrome

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Eisenmenger syndromeGARD ID 6323 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Eisenmenger syndrome.

Explore the Eisenmenger syndrome blog

Explore research for Eisenmenger syndrome

Explore actively recruiting Eisenmenger syndrome studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Eisenmenger syndrome with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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