Living with Dystonia 21
A late-onset, inherited form of dystonia with muscle spasms in the neck, eyelids, or other body parts.
Understanding Dystonia 21
Dystonia causes involuntary muscle contractions. In this form, it can affect one area, such as the neck or eyelids, or spread to many areas. It is a late-onset form of pure torsion dystonia. It begins in adulthood.
Signs & symptoms
Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:
- Muscle tightening (dystonia)
- Wry neck (torticollis)
- Eyelid spasms (blepharospasm)
- Dystonia in one body area (focal)
- Dystonia throughout the body (generalized)
- Dystonia in episodes (paroxysmal)
Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.
Diagnosis
- 1Talk with your doctor
Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.
- 2See a specialist
Specialists who may be involved include brain and nervous system specialists and genetic specialists.
- 3Ask which tests can help
Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.
- 4Connect with expert centers
Dystonia Medical Research Foundation may keep lists of experts for this condition.
Care & treatment
- Care team
- Brain and nervous system specialists (neurologists); Genetic specialists (geneticists)
- Expert care
- Expert lists: Dystonia Medical Research Foundation
- Treatment
- GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
- Research
- Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.
General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.
Everyday life
Living with a rare condition is easier with support.
- Connect with Dystonia Medical Research Foundation
- Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
- Ask about patient registries that help research
- Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Quick facts
GARD says changes in a person's genes cause this condition. It is autosomal dominant, meaning one changed copy of the gene can cause it.
Also known as: dystonia type 21; dyt21; primary dystonia 21; primary dystonia dyt21 type; primary dystonia, dyt21 type
Patient organizations
- Dystonia Medical Research FoundationDystonia · United States
Broader rare-disease groups
- Global GenesRare Diseases · United States
- National Organization for Rare DisordersRare Diseases · United States
- Genetic AllianceRare Diseases · United States
- RARE FoundationRare Diseases · United States
You are more than your diagnosis
Perspectives from people navigating life with Dystonia 21.
Explore research for Dystonia 21
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- Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
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- Eligibility is confirmed by the study team
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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.
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