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Living with Cytomegalovirus retinitis

A viral infection of the retina at the back of the eye that can damage vision.

Understanding Cytomegalovirus retinitis

Cytomegalovirus retinitis is an infection of the retina, the light-sensing layer at the back of the eye, caused by cytomegalovirus.

The infection can cause tissue damage, bleeding, and swelling in the retina. It is a major opportunistic infection in people with AIDS, meaning it takes advantage of a weakened immune system. It can cause blindness.

Signs & symptoms

GARD doesn't list specific symptoms for this condition yet. Its summary describes these changes in the retina:

  • Death of retinal tissue (necrosis)
  • Bleeding in the retina
  • Swelling in the retina (retinal edema)

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Your doctor may refer you to a specialist who knows rare conditions.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
A doctor familiar with rare conditions, plus specialists as needed
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with National CMV Foundation
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
How often should my eyes be checked for this infection?
What vision changes should prompt an urgent call?
How does my immune health affect my eye care?

Quick facts

It is caused by infection of the retina with cytomegalovirus.

Also known as: cmv - cytomegalovirus retinitis; cmv retinitis; cytomegaloviral retinitis; cytomegalovirus caused retinitis; retinitis, cytomegaloviral

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Cytomegalovirus retinitisGARD ID 9531 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Cytomegalovirus retinitis.

Explore the Cytomegalovirus retinitis blog

Explore research for Cytomegalovirus retinitis

Explore actively recruiting Cytomegalovirus retinitis studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Cytomegalovirus retinitis with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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