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Living with Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 24

A rare mitochondrial condition with a wide range of features, including developmental delay, seizures, hearing and vision problems.

Understanding Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 24

Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 24 is a rare mitochondrial disease that affects how cells make energy.

It varies a lot. Features can include developmental delay with loss of skills, intellectual disability, epilepsy, hearing loss, vision problems and severe muscle disease. Some people have Leigh syndrome. It starts in infancy.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Seizures
  • Muscle weakness in upper arms and legs
  • Drooping upper eyelids (ptosis)
  • Easy tiring
  • Mild intellectual disability
  • Trouble forming speech (dysarthria)

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include genetic specialists.

  3. Consider genetic testing

    Changes in NARS2 are linked to this condition. Genetic testing and counseling can help confirm a diagnosis and explain what it means for your family.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation and MitoAction may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Expert lists: United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation, MitoAction
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with CureARS and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Should we have genetic testing for the NARS2 gene?
What options exist for managing seizures?
How should hearing and vision be monitored?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startInfant
InheritanceAutosomal Recessive, Mitochondrial
GenesNARS2

Changes in the NARS2 gene are listed. GARD lists autosomal recessive and mitochondrial inheritance.

GeneticInherited MetabolicMitochondrial

Also known as: combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 24; combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency caused by mutation in nars2; combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency type 24; coxpd24; coxpd24 - combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 24; nars2 combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 24GARD ID 17765 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 24.

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HealthSpark

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  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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