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Living with Cloverleaf skull-asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia syndrome

A very rare condition present before birth with a cloverleaf-shaped skull, short limbs, and a narrow chest with short ribs.

Understanding Cloverleaf skull-asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia syndrome

Cloverleaf skull-asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia syndrome is a rare syndrome of early skull fusion (craniosynostosis) with a cloverleaf skull, short limbs, and chest bone differences.

It is seen before birth. X-rays show short ribs, deformed long bones, and unformed bones at the ends of fingers and toes. GARD says there have been no new descriptions in the medical literature since 1987. It lists onset at birth.

Signs & symptoms

GARD doesn't list specific symptoms for this condition, but the summary describes:

  • Cloverleaf-shaped skull
  • Very short limbs
  • Short ribs and chest differences
  • Deformed long bones
  • Unformed bones at fingertips and toes

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include bone and joint specialists and genetic specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    World Craniofacial Foundation may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Bone and joint specialists (orthopedists or orthopedic surgeons); Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Expert lists: World Craniofacial Foundation
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with World Craniofacial Foundation and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Which imaging confirmed the diagnosis?
Which specialists should be involved in care?
Can genetic counseling help my family?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startNewborn

GARD doesn't describe a cause for this condition yet.

Genetic

Also known as: benallegue lacete syndrome; benallegue-lacete syndrome; cloverleaf skull and asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia; cloverleaf skull, asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia syndrome

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Cloverleaf skull-asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia syndromeGARD ID 853 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Cloverleaf skull-asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia syndrome.

Explore the Cloverleaf skull-asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia syndrome blog

Explore research for Cloverleaf skull-asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia syndrome

Explore actively recruiting Cloverleaf skull-asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia syndrome studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

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  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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