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Living with Burkitt lymphoma

A very fast-growing cancer of the immune system's B cells.

Understanding Burkitt lymphoma

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a very fast-growing cancer that is a form of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Signs and symptoms vary with the form of BL and the organs involved. Lymphoma cells may build up in lymph nodes and other organs, causing swelling. When it spreads, weakness and fatigue often develop. The central nervous system can be involved, especially in advanced disease. It can happen at any age.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Swelling of lymph nodes
  • Weakness and fatigue
  • Tumor in the mouth
  • Abdominal pain
  • Swelling in other organs

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include blood and bone marrow specialists and cancer specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Blood and bone marrow specialists (hematologists); Cancer specialists (oncologists)
Expert care
Expert lists: Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Which form of Burkitt lymphoma is it, and how far has it spread?
Which specialists should be on the care team?
What testing is needed to check the brain and spinal cord?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startany time in life

The exact cause is not known. EBV (Epstein-Barr virus) infection seems to play a role in some cases. Genetic changes in the MYC gene and others are present in the cancer cells, but it is unclear what causes them.

Blood

Also known as: bl; bl - burkitt's lymphoma; burkitt lymphoma, somatic; burkitt lymphoma/leukemia; burkitt's lymphoma; burkitt's lymphoma - disorder

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Burkitt lymphomaGARD ID 5973 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Burkitt lymphoma.

Explore the Burkitt lymphoma blog

Explore research for Burkitt lymphoma

Explore actively recruiting Burkitt lymphoma studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Burkitt lymphoma with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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