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Living with Bone osteosarcoma

The most common type of bone cancer, often starting in the larger bones near the knee or shoulder.

Understanding Bone osteosarcoma

Bone osteosarcoma is the most common type of bone cancer.

Boys and girls are affected about equally until late adolescence, when boys are more common. It rarely occurs in adults. It tends to start in larger bones like the shin or thigh near the knee, or the upper arm near the shoulder, but can occur in any bone. There are several variants.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Pain
  • Swelling of the joint
  • Breakdown of bone (osteolysis)
  • Fever
  • Weight loss
  • Broken bone without a clear injury

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include bone and joint specialists and cancer specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation, Sarcoma Alliance and Sarcoma Foundation of America may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Bone and joint specialists (orthopedists or orthopedic surgeons); Cancer specialists (oncologists)
Expert care
Expert lists: Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation, Sarcoma Alliance, Sarcoma Foundation of America
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Which type of osteosarcoma is it, and where is it?
Should genetic testing or counseling be considered?
What follow-up visits and scans will be needed?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startChild

The cause is not known. In some cases it runs in families, and at least one gene has been linked to a higher risk.

Also known as: osteogenic sarcoma; osteosarcoma; osteosarcoma of bone; osteosarcoma, somatic; osteosarcoma, somatic mutation; primary osteosarcoma of bone

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Bone osteosarcomaGARD ID 7284 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Bone osteosarcoma.

Explore the Bone osteosarcoma blog

Explore research for Bone osteosarcoma

Explore actively recruiting Bone osteosarcoma studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Bone osteosarcoma with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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