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Living with Autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy

An inherited muscle condition that causes weakness, starting in infancy or early childhood.

Understanding Autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy

Autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy (AR-CNM) is an inherited condition that affects the muscles and begins in infancy or early childhood.

It is one type of a group of rare muscle conditions called centronuclear myopathies. Features can include muscle weakness that slowly gets worse, foot differences, a high palate, scoliosis, drooping eyelids, and delayed motor skills. Breathing problems range from mild to severe. Heart muscle disease is less common.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Muscle weakness that slowly gets worse
  • Low muscle tone (hypotonia)
  • Delayed motor skills
  • Trouble running or climbing stairs
  • Waddling walk
  • Breathing problems (respiratory insufficiency)

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Specialists who may be involved include brain and nervous system specialists and genetic specialists.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    Joshua Frase Foundation may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
Brain and nervous system specialists (neurologists); Genetic specialists (geneticists)
Expert care
Expert lists: Joshua Frase Foundation
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with Joshua Frase Foundation and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Can genetic testing for BIN1 and related genes confirm the diagnosis?
How should my breathing be monitored?
Should my heart be checked as well?

Quick facts

Symptoms usually startfrom Birth to Childhood
InheritanceAutosomal Recessive

Most cases are caused by changes in the BIN1 gene. Some families have changes in the SPEG, TTN, or RYR1 genes. It is autosomal recessive, so a child inherits a changed copy of the gene from each parent.

GeneticNeurological

Also known as: ar-cnm; centronuclear myopathy, autosomal recessive; centronuclear myopathy, recessive

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathyGARD ID 12718 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy.

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