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Living with Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 3

A rare inherited nerve condition that worsens over time, starting in the second decade of life.

Understanding Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 3

Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 3 (AOA3) is a rare inherited neurologic disorder that gets worse over time.

It begins in the second decade of life (the teen years). It causes ataxia (trouble with balance and coordination), trouble starting eye movements, and nerve damage in the limbs.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Poor balance and coordination (ataxia)
  • Trouble starting eye movements (oculomotor apraxia)
  • Unclear speech (dysarthria)
  • Muscle weakness and wasting in the hands and feet
  • Reduced feeling in the arms and legs
  • Frequent falls

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Your doctor may refer you to a specialist who knows rare conditions.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    National Ataxia Foundation may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
A doctor familiar with rare conditions, plus specialists as needed
Expert care
Expert lists: National Ataxia Foundation
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with National Ataxia Foundation
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Would genetic testing confirm my diagnosis?
How can I prevent falls?
Which therapies help with speech and movement?

Quick facts

InheritanceAutosomal Recessive

GARD says this condition is autosomal recessive, meaning a child inherits a changed copy of the gene from each parent. It doesn't list the gene here.

Also known as: ataxia-oculomotor apraxia 3; ataxia-oculomotor apraxia type 3

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 3GARD ID 13112 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 3.

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  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
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  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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