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Living with Anthrax infection

An infection caused by a germ that lives in soil, which can affect the skin, lungs, or digestive system.

Understanding Anthrax infection

Anthrax infection is a rare disease caused by a germ called Bacillus anthracis that lives in soil.

It affects animals such as cattle, sheep, and goats more often than people. People can get it from contact with infected animals, wool, meat, or hides. There are three forms: cutaneous (skin), inhalation (lungs), and gastrointestinal (digestive system). GARD says antibiotics often cure it when it is diagnosed early, and a vaccine is available for people in the military and others at high risk.

Signs & symptoms

GARD doesn't list specific symptoms for this condition, but its summary describes the three forms:

  • Skin form: from touching the germ through cuts or sores
  • Lung form: from breathing in spores of the germ
  • Digestive form: from eating infected meat

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Your doctor may refer you to a specialist who knows rare conditions.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Care & treatment

Care team
A doctor familiar with rare conditions, plus specialists as needed
Expert care
Ask about multidisciplinary care centers for rare conditions
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with rare disease patient organizations for support
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Which form of anthrax am I at risk for, based on my work or exposure?
Why does early diagnosis matter so much for treatment?
Am I in a group that should consider the anthrax vaccine?

Quick facts

GARD says anthrax is caused by the germ Bacillus anthracis. People get it from contact with infected animals or their products, by breathing in spores, or by eating infected meat.

Also known as: anthrax; bacillus anthracis caused disease or disorder; bacillus anthracis disease or disorder; bacillus anthracis infectious disease; black baine; charbon

Patient organizations

Rare-disease groups that can help

Source: NIH GARD · Anthrax infectionGARD ID 8157 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Anthrax infection.

Explore the Anthrax infection blog

Explore research for Anthrax infection

Explore actively recruiting Anthrax infection studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Anthrax infection with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
  • Share your city to look for research near you
  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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