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Living with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10

A rare genetic nerve disease from changes in the TARDBP gene, causing ALS, frontotemporal dementia, or both.

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Understanding Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10 (ALS10), with or without frontotemporal dementia, is a rare genetic neurological disease.

It covers a range of features caused by changes in the TARDBP gene. It can cause ALS alone, frontotemporal dementia (FTD) alone, both together, or a rarer neurologic picture. Common symptoms include difficulty speaking (dysarthria) and trouble swallowing (dysphagia). Less common are parkinsonism, cognitive decline, and behavior differences.

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. GARD lists these among the most common:

  • Trouble speaking (dysarthria)
  • Trouble swallowing (dysphagia)
  • Muscle stiffness (spasticity)
  • Weak breathing muscles
  • Changes in behavior and judgment (disinhibition)
  • Sudden shifts in emotion

Not everyone has every symptom. GARD's list comes from the Human Phenotype Ontology.

Diagnosis

  1. Talk with your doctor

    Share the symptoms you've noticed, when they started and your family health history. Notes and photos can help.

  2. See a specialist

    Your doctor may refer you to a specialist who knows rare conditions.

  3. Ask which tests can help

    Your care team will decide which exams and tests can confirm the diagnosis.

  4. Connect with expert centers

    ALS Association and Muscular Dystrophy Association may keep lists of experts for this condition.

Care & treatment

Care team
A doctor familiar with rare conditions, plus specialists as needed
Expert care
Expert lists: ALS Association, Muscular Dystrophy Association
Treatment
GARD doesn't list specific treatments for this condition. Your care team will tailor care to your symptoms.
Research
Clinical trials and observational studies may be options. See the research section below.

General information, not medical advice. Your care team makes the decisions.

Everyday life

Living with a rare condition is easier with support.

  • Connect with ALS Association and other patient organizations
  • Keep notes on symptoms, changes and questions for appointments
  • Ask about patient registries that help research
  • Look into financial aid and travel resources for care visits
Bring these questions to your next doctor visit
Is genetic testing for TARDBP available for our family?
Which specialists should be on my care team?
What can help with speech and swallowing?

Quick facts

InheritanceAutosomal Dominant

Changes in the TARDBP gene cause this condition. It is autosomal dominant, which means a single changed copy of the gene is enough.

Also known as: als10; als10 - amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 10; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 10 with or without frontotemporal dementia; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 10 with or without frontotemporal dementia and with tdp43 inclusions; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 10 without frontotemporal dementia and with tdp43 inclusions

Patient organizations

Source: NIH GARD · Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10GARD ID 15540 · GARD page updated September 2026 · Plain-language summary by Know Rare; editorial review pending. General information, not medical advice.

You are more than your diagnosis

Perspectives from people navigating life with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10.

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Explore research for Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10

Explore actively recruiting Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10 studies with HealthSpark.

HealthSpark

Find actively recruiting studies for Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10 with HealthSpark. Share your city to explore research near you.

  • Recruiting studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
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  • Eligibility is confirmed by the study team

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Powered by HealthSpark, our AI chat helper · Study information from ClinicalTrials.gov · Eligibility is confirmed by the study team.

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